While it is known that depression makes sufferers see the present and the future as sad, new research has shown it also casts a long shadow over people’s memories of the past.

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Depression:

  • Depressed people have a peculiar view of the past.
  • Rather than glorifying the ‘good old days’, they project their generally bleak outlook on to past events.
  • Depression is not only associated with a negative view of the world, the self and the future.
  • But we now know with a negative view of the past.
  • The study establishes the first clear link between depression and hindsight bias.

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According to expert:

  • Everyone is susceptible to hindsight bias, but it takes on a very specific form in depression.
  • While non-depressed people tend to show hindsight bias for positive events.
  • But not negative events, people with depression show the reverse pattern.
  • The researchers tested over 100 university students, about half of whom suffered from mild to severe depression.
  • They were ask to imagine themselves in a variety of everyday scenarios with positive or negative outcomes.
  • For each scenario, the researchers then collected measures of hindsight bias.

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Results:

  • The results showed that with increasing severity of depression.
  • In addition,a specific hindsight bias pattern emerged exaggerated foreseeability and inevitability of negative event outcomes.
  • As well as a tendency to misremember initial expectations in line with negative outcomes.

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